What is the function of a relay in an electrical circuit?

The function of a relay in an electrical circuit primarily involves using a low-power signal to control a high-power circuit. A relay is an electromechanical switch that opens and closes contacts in a circuit in response to an electrical signal. When a low-power input activates the relay, it energizes the coil, which in turn creates a magnetic field that moves the armature, opening or closing the circuit that carries the high-power load.

This is particularly useful in applications where it’s necessary to control high voltage or high current devices with a safer and lower voltage control signal. For example, a small switch can control a large motor, using the relay as an intermediary. This allows for safer operation and provides isolation between the control circuit and the load being powered.

Understanding the significance of this function is crucial for implementing relay systems in various electrical applications, ensuring safety and efficiency in circuit design and operation.